English Vocab

1. Contentious (adj): Causing or likely to cause an argument. (विवादास्पद)

Synonyms: Controversial, Disputatious, Polemical, Truculent

Antonyms: Agreeable, Undisputable, Unquestionable

Example: The author wrote a contentious novel which caused a great deal of unrest.

2. Solemn (noun): Serious and without any humour. (गंभीर)

Synonyms: Grave, Earnest, Portentous, Ceremonious

Antonyms: Frivolous, Jocular, Cheerful, Cordial

Example: My mother’s solemn expression told me she was not in a playful mood.

3. Infringe (verb): Actively break the terms of (a law, agreement, etc.). (उल्लंघन करना)

Synonyms: Contravene, Transgress, Impinge, Trespass

Antonyms:   Abide, Obey, Heed, Comply

Example: Copying videos infringes copyright law.

Related: Infringed, Infringed

4. Imprimatur (noun): Approval of a publication under circumstances of official censorship. (इजाज़त)

Synonyms:  Approbation, Approval, Sanction, Endorsement

Antonyms: Disapprobation, Disapproval, Refusal, Rejection

Example:  During WWII, newspapers had to get an official imprimatur in order to publish specific content.

5. Plenary (adj): Attended by all members of a group. (समग्र, परिपूर्ण, पूरा,)

Synonyms:  Complete, Comprehensive, Entire, Total, Whole

Antonyms: Imperfect, Incomplete, Partial

Example: During the plenary faculty meeting, all teachers will have an opportunity to vote for the location of the holiday party.

6. Amenable (adj): Easily persuaded or controlled. (आज्ञाकारी, बात मान लेने वाला)

Synonyms: Tractable, Compliant, Acquiescent, Docile

Antonyms: Recalcitrant, Stubborn, Defiant

Example: Do you think the new manager will prove more amenable to our proposals?

7. Expendable (adj): Not worth keeping or no longer useful: (बलिदान होने योग्य)

Synonyms: Disposable, Dispensable, Superfluous, Inessential

Antonyms: Indispensable, Important, Fundamental, Pivotal

Example: He was considered expendable and dropped from the team.

8. Ratify (verb): To approve and sanction formally. (पुष्टि करना)

Synonyms: Homologate, Authorize, Sanction, Approbate

Antonyms: Veto, Disapprove, Decline, Reject

Example: If the president chooses to ratify the budget proposal, the new budget will go into effect in January.

Related: Ratified, Ratified

9. Autonomy (noun): The right or condition of self-government. (स्वराज्य, स्वयं शासन)

Synonyms: Self-Rule, Sovereignty, Freedom, Autarchy;

Antonyms: Dependence, Heteronomy, Subjugation, Compulsion

Example: Teenagers should have the autonomy to make their own decisions in preparation for their lives as adults.

10. Susceptible (adj): Likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing. (आसानी से प्रभावितहोने वाला)

Synonyms: Sensitive, Vulnerable, Prone, Exposed

Antonyms: Immune, Resistant, Safe, Tenable

Example: Patients with liver diseSase may be susceptible to infection.