English Vocab

Trump Calls For Unity, Pushes GOP Agenda in State of The Union Speech

President Trump, whose first year in office has seen near-constant turmoil and division, claimed Tuesday that he has ushered in an ebullient (overflowing with fervor, enthusiasm, or excitement; high-spirited)“new American moment” and issued a summons for “the unity we need to deliver for the people we were elected to serve.”

The conciliatory (intended to gain goodwill or favor or to reduce hostility) tone of Trump’s first State of the Union address was sharply at odds with the combative manner in which he has conducted his presidency — and with the tension evident between Republicans and Democrats in the Capitol,

where he spoke.

“Over the last year, we have made incredible progress and achieved extraordinary success,” Trump said. “. . . Through it all, we have seen the beauty of America’s soul and the steel in America’s spine.”

The president set an ambitious agenda for his second year in office, from a $1.5 trillion plan to rebuild the nation’s crumbling infrastructure to a four-pronged immigration package to a pledge to reduce the prices of prescription drugs. His one-hour, 20-minute speech was the longest since Bill Clinton’s State of the Union address in 2000. The president laid out details of his immigration package, offering citizenship for undocumented immigrants brought to the United States as children, who are known as “dreamers,” in return for increased spending on border security, including for his promised wall at Mexico’s border; an end to the visa lottery; and limits on family reunification policies. Trump sought to repurpose the term “dreamer” by saying American citizens have seen their economic prospects dimmed and personal safety put at risk because of illegal immigration and crime from MS-13 and other gangs, which he blamed on “open borders.”

“The United States is a compassionate nation,” he said. “. . . But as president of the United States, my highest loyalty, my greatest compassion and my constant concern is for America’s children, America’s struggling workers and America’s forgotten communities.” He added, in an apparent contrast with undocumented immigrants, “Americans are dreamers, too.”

Trump has set a March deadline to end the Obama-era Deferred (withheld or delayed for or until a stated time) Action for Childhood Arrivals program, which has protected those who applied from deportation, and lawmakers are scrambling (to move or act quickly to do, find, or get something often before someone else does) to come up with an alternative that can survive the political crosscurrents of both chambers. The speech came at a crucial moment when the president faces a number of challenges: historically bad approval ratings for a chief executive at this point in his term, an investigation of Russian meddling (to involve oneself in a matter without right or invitation; interfere officiously and unwantedly) in the 2016 election hanging over his administration and midterm elections ahead in which Democrats are expected to make significant gains in Congress.

Republicans enjoy total dominance in Washington, with the Democrats shut out of power in Congress and the White House. But the party has only one major legislative accomplishment, a new tax law, to show for its first year in full control.

Trump pointed to that achievement — which he again falsely claimed is “the biggest tax cuts and reforms in American history” — as contributing to a resurgent (rising or tending to rise again) economy. He ticked off growth in jobs, wages, small-business confidence and a stock market that “smashed one record after another, gaining $8 trillion in value.”

While Republicans cheered throughout, Democrats sat stonily. When Trump said the unemployment rate among African Americans was at a record low, for example, members of the Congressional Black Caucus refrained from applauding. To give their official response, Democratic leaders picked third-term Rep. Joe Kennedy (Mass.), who marks the third generation of the Kennedy clan to serve in Congress. He spoke from a technical-school auto shop in Fall River, Mass. “It would be easy to dismiss the past year as chaos, partisanship, politics,” Kennedy said. “But it’s far bigger than that. This administration isn’t just targeting the laws that protect us — they are targeting the very idea that we are all worthy of protection.” Other Democrats reacted to the speech by saying Trump was particularly divisive in his discussion of immigrants and in tying them to criminal activity. “If you were hoping for a unifying speech tonight, you got the opposite,” said Sen. Chris Murphy (D-Conn.). “Between the long victory lap with Republicans over tax reform to the over-the-top demonization of immigrants, President Trump picked at pretty much every political scab that exists in Washington today.”

Trump made only passing reference to the devastation in Puerto Rico from Hurricane Maria, the federal government’s response to which has been widely criticized as inadequate and slow. Trump turned even more than presidents typically do to the stories of guests, seated in the gallery box of first lady Melania Trump, to put human faces on his policies and build the narrative arc of his speech. A president so often preoccupied with self-adulation shone the spotlight on ordinary citizens. “It is the people who are making America great again,” he said, playing on his 2016 campaign slogan. Near the end of the speech, as he talked about the nuclear threat of North Korea — which has escalated under his watch amid heated rhetoric (the ability to use language effectively)— Trump singled out the tragedy of Otto Warmbier, the University of Virginia student who was detained in North Korea and died just after returning home to the United States. In one of the evening’s emotional high points, Trump singled out Warmbier’s parents, who sat teary-eyed in the gallery, as “powerful witnesses to a menace that threatens our world.”

Though he did not use “Little Rocket Man,” his provocative nickname for North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, he spoke with toughness and resolve about the threat across the Pacific.

“We need only look at the depraved (morally corrupt; wicked.) character of the North Korean regime to understand the nature of the nuclear threat it could pose to America and to our allies,” he said.

Trump did not mention the Russia investigation, which is reaching a critical point that could include the president being called in for an interview with special counsel Robert S. Mueller III’s team.

His gibes (a taunting or sarcastic remark) at critics and opponents were uncharacteristically gentle, some delivered through stories of individual Americans — such as the tale of 12-year-old Preston Sharp, who headed a drive to place flags on veterans’ graves.

“Preston’s reverence (honor or respect felt or shown) for those who have served our nation reminds us why we salute our flag, why we put our hands on our hearts for the Pledge of Allegiance and why we proudly stand for the national anthem,” Trump said, an apparent reference to the controversy over black pro football players kneeling during the anthem in protest of police violence.

Trump generally strives to appear presidential when delivering major speeches. He embraces such traditional moments, complete with all the pomp and circumstance that he came to appreciate during his years as a reality television producer, and relishes the positive reviews that such appearances receive.

Best behavior: How Trump alters his tone to suit the occasion

Aides describe a conventional speechwriting process. White House Chief of Staff John F. Kelly, policy adviser Stephen Miller, staff secretary Robert Porter and other advisers helped organize the policy priorities, while a team of White House speechwriters drafted sections — with Trump himself making edits with a black felt-tip pen. He impressed upon his staff how much he wanted the language to be unifying.

“He is the president of all Americans, including the millions who didn’t vote for him,” said presidential counselor Kellyanne Conway.

But after these occasional episodes of dignified orthodoxy, it usually is only a matter of days, or even hours, before he says something — often in a blistering tweet — to change the subject. Again and again, Trump’s personal attacks or divisive pronouncements have wiped away whatever aura of statesmanship he created by reading set speeches from teleprompters.

Last February, for instance, his soaring speech to a joint session of Congress about “American renewal” was widely applauded. But within a few days, he created a storm of controversy by accusing — without evidence — his predecessor, former president Barack Obama, of a Nixonian plot to have the “wires tapped” at Trump Tower during the 2016 campaign.

Tuesday night, the House chamber became a stage for the political plotlines that have defined American politics in the year since Trump took office.

Missing from the audience on the House floor were more than a dozen Democratic lawmakers, disproportionately members of the Congressional Black Caucus, who had announced in advance that they would boycott in protest of Trump’s words and actions.

“He does not respect me or the communities I represent, so I cannot in good conscience sit idly on the House floor and listen to his scripted speech,” Rep. Gregory W. Meeks (D-N.Y.) tweeted.

Meanwhile, female Democratic lawmakers wore black in solidarity with the #MeToo and #TimesUp movements that have emerged amid headlines about sexual assault by famous and powerful men.

Courtesy-Washington Post (International)

1. Ebullient (adjective) : (Overflowing with fervor, enthusiasm, or excitement; high-spirited:) (उल्लास,जोशीला, उत्तेजित)

Synonyms: Exuberant, Buoyant, Cheerful, Joyful, Vivacious, Effervescent

Antonyms: Apathetic, Spiritless, Downcast, Doleful

Example: Jack always felt ebullient after drinking his morning coffee.

Related words: Ebulliently adverb, unebullient, adjective, ebullience, ebulliency, noun

2. Conciliatory (adjective) : (Intended to gain goodwill or favor or to reduce hostility) (सौहार्दपूर्ण, मैत्रीपूर्ण)

Synonyms: Pacifist, Appeasing, Propitiatory, Deferential

Antonyms: Soul-Crushing, Pugnacious, Bellicose, Unapologetic, Aggressive, Provocative

Example: The United Nations has a conciliatory role in handling disputes between countries.

Verb forms: Conciliate, Conciliate Conciliated, Conciliated

Related words: Conciliatorily adverb, Conciliatoriness, noun

3. Deferred (adjective) : (Withheld or delayed for or until a stated time) (स्थगित, विलम्बित)

Synonyms: Delayed, Postponed, Adjourned, Retarded

Antonyms: Advanced, Hastened, Hurried, Expedited, Snappy

Example: The doctor has decided to defer the surgery until my father’s health improves.

Verb forms: Defer, Deferred, Deferred

Related words: Deferrable, Deferable, adjective, Deferrer, noun

4. Scrambling (verb) : (To move or act quickly to do, find, or get something often before someone else does), (जल्दी से कार्य करना, तत्काल)

Synonyms: Rushing, Scuffling, Struggling, Tussling, Boisterous

Antonyms: Descending, Regressive, Retrograde

Example: More than three million fans are expected to scramble for tickets.

Verb forms: Scramble; Scrambled; Scrambled;

Related words: Scrambler noun,

5. Meddling (verb) : (To involve oneself in a matter without right or invitation; interfere officiously and unwantedly:) (दखल, हस्तक्षेप करना)

Synonyms: Interfere, Intervene, Interlope, Intrusive

Antonyms: Mind One's Own Business, Leave Alone, Careless, Unintrusive

Example: The government should never meddle with religious affairs.

Verb forms: Meddle; Meddled; Meddled;

Related words: Meddler, noun, Meddlingly, adverb, Unmeddled, adjective

6. Resurgent (adjective) : (Rising or tending to rise again) (पुनस्र्त्थानशील, फिर उठ खडा होने वाला)

Synonyms: Reborn, Renascent, Revived, Reformed, Restorative

Antonyms: Dormant, Doldrums, Latent, Quiescent

Example: After Barack Obama's election as the first African American president, the civil rights movement became a rekindled and resurgent part of American culture.

Related words: Resurgence, noun

7. Rhetoric (noun) : (The ability to use language effectively.) (बयानबाजी, वक्रपटुता, भाषण कला)

Synonyms: Bombast, Fustian, Grandiloquence, Verbiage, Oratory

Antonyms: Conciseness, Brevity, Succinctness, Pithiness, Concision

Example: If someone does not stop the political rhetoric in that country, a civil war is likely to break out soon.

Related words: Rhetorical adjective, Rhetorically adverb,

8. Depraved (adjective) : (Morally corrupt; wicked) (भ्रष्ट,विकृत, ख़राब)

Synonyms: Debased, Debauched, Decadent, Corrupted, Perverted, Deviant, Degenerate, 

Antonyms: Benevolent, Ethical, Virtuous, Sympathetic

Example: Although Merry was raised in a religious household, she now lives a life filled with depravity.

Verb forms: Deprave, Depraved, Depraved

Related words: Depravedly, Depravedness, adverb, Depravedness, Depravity, Depraver, noun, Deprave verb

9. Gibes (noun) : (A taunting or sarcastic remark) (ताना, उपहास, कटाक्ष)

Synonyms: Taunts, Quips, Derides, Jeers, Scoffs, Ridicules

Antonyms: Applause, Praises, Respect, Commendation

Example: It's impolite to gibe at a foreign student's English.

Verb forms: Gibe, Gibed, Gibed

Related words: Giber, noun, Gibingly, adverb

10. Reverence (noun) : (Honor or respect felt or shown) (श्रद्धा, आदर, इज़्ज़त     )

Synonyms: Adore, Deify, Glorify, Revere, Worship, Venerate

Antonyms: Blaspheme, Desecrate, Profane, Violate; Affront

Example: We can never show enough reverence for our military service workers.

Verb forms: Reverence; Reverenced; Reverenced;

Related words: Reverencer noun