English Vocab

1. Reckoning (noun): The action or process of calculating or estimating something. (हिसाब-किताब, गणना)
Synonyms: Computation, Counting, Assessment Summation, Tally, Estimation, Appraisal.

Example: That old chest isn’t worth much by my reckoning but an antiques dealer might think otherwise.
2. Alacrity (noun): Promptness in response, cheerful readiness. (तत्‍परता, फुरती, उत्‍साह)
Synonyms: Quickness, Eagerness, Willingness, Briskness, Swiftness, Promptitude
Antonyms: Sluggishness, Lethargy, Reluctance, Leisureliness, Aversion.
Example: Having just acquired his driver’s license that morning, he agreed withalacrity to drive his cousin to the airport.
3. Allude (verb): To make indirect reference. (संकेत करना, इशारा करना)
Synonyms: Suggest, Hint, Insinuate, Imply, Intimate, Infer.
Antonyms: Delineate, Elucidate, Describe, Declare, Explain
Example: Eric was a boastful man who never missed an opportunity to allude to his own wealth.
Related: Allude, Alluded
4. Stubbornly (adverb): Refusing to more or change one’s opinion. (हठपूर्वक, अडि़यलपन से)
Synonyms: Doggedly, Obstinately, Obdurately, Tenaciously, Intransigently, Pertinacious
Antonyms: Acquiescently, Amenably, Compliantly, Pliant.
Example: He stubbornly insisted on doing it all himself.
5. Virtue (noun): The general quality of being morally good. (सदाचार, सदगुण, सत्‍प्रवृत्ति)
Synonyms: Rectitude, Probity, Integrity, Uprightness, Morality
Antonyms: Iniquity, Vice, Wickedness, Immorality, Evil.
Example: Since Jacob is such a mean man, I doubt if he was a single virtue.
6. Votary (noun): A person who strongly supports a cause or a person (such as monk or nun) (तरफदार, भक्‍त, सेवक)
Synonyms: Devotee, Adherent, Partisan, Zealot, Apostle
Antonyms: Apostate, Traitor, Renegade, Turncoat, Recreant
Example: He is a votary of non – violence, so he opposes taking up arms.
7. Inevitable (adjective): Certain to happen or incapable of being avoided or evaded. (अनिवार्य)
Synonyms: Ineluctable, Inescapable, Unavoidable, Assured, Certain, Necessary.
Antonyms: Avoidable, Evadable, Preventable, Unlikely, Avertable
Example: The changing of seasons is an inevitable aspect of the earth’s climate.
8. Outlay (noun): An amount of money spent on something. (खर्च, लागत, खपत)
Synonyms: Expenditure, Disbursement, Investment, Spending, Payment
Antonyms: Income, Saving, Earning, Profit Gain
Example: The initial outlay for the program will be 2.4 million dollars.
9. Stymie (verb): Prevent or hinder the progress of. (गतिरोध, बाधॉंए डालना)
Synonyms: Obstruct, Hinder, Thwart, Impede, Inhibit, Occlude,
Antonyms: Aid, Artist, Facilitate, Help, Encourage, Abet
Example: The purpose of the therapy is to stymie the growth of cancer cells.
Related: Stymie, Stymied
10. Shackle (verb): To chain someone to prevent them for what they want to do. (हथकड़ी बॉंधना, बेड़ी लगाना)
Synonyms: Chain, Fetter, Manacle, Handoff, Trammel, Hamper
Antonyms: Emancipate, Free, Release, Unfetter, Liberate.
Example: The prisoner was shacked to the heavy steel chair in the centre of the room.
Related : Shackle, Shackled
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